pesquisa em habitação housing research

MORA [I] – DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND VERIFICATION OF THE SOCIAL HOUSING UNIT FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF FLEXIBILITY.

[Institutes] Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism and Design (FAUeD) – Federal University of Uberlândia
[Period] 2010 – 2014
[Financing] UNIVERSAL DEMAND FAPEMIG (Jan 2011 – Feb 2012), PROPP/UFU (2010-2011), PROGRAD/UFU (2010-2013)
[Resume] This research is about the elaboration and construction of a MORA[1] housing unit, considering the diversity of ways of living in the actual society, its uses and relations with the habitable space. The proposal main concept is the housing flexibility in its broader meaning: spatial – functional, of the constitutive elements, of material and systems sustainability. The project is destined for families with an income range of 3 to 5 minimum wage. The whole development process will start from the Post-Occupancy Evaluation of units destined to the same income range in the city of Uberlândia. It has as specific objectives: (i) research social housing in the city of Uberlândia: main typologies, research of use, appropriation, identification and personification of the private and collective spaces through post-occupancy evaluations; (ii) establish a frame of the architectonic situation, level of satisfaction and habitability of the main undertakings of social interest of the city; (iii) research project and conceptual references about typologies, beyond the general survey (cost and dimensioning of the materials and technics traditionally used in housing units of low cost).

When we refer to social housing, the revision necessity of the proposed models is even bigger. Besides the lack of technological and constructive quality that we see in the housing complexes spread all around Brazil, with a few exceptions, it’s noticeable the very low quality of the spaces offered. The critic about the production quality of projects of social housing, commonly offered in Brazil, becomes evident when the majority of the solutions proposed precariously consider the real necessity of the residents, as well as its cycle of life. On the other side, countless authors address the changings in society in the last decades and question how and at which measure these changes are contemplated in the domestic space production. In this research, the relevance of the post-occupancy evaluation stands out as a guide to the whole elaboration process of housing units destined for classes with lower income. It is understood that the information about the necessities and behaviour of the users residents, identifies through the POE research, may feed and become central in all of the project phases.

This research is about the elaboration and construction of a MORA[1] housing unit, considering the diversity of ways of living in the actual society, its uses and relations with the habitable space. The proposal main concept is the housing flexibility in its broader meaning: spatial – functional, of the constitutive elements, of material and systems sustainability. The project is destined for families with an income range of 3 to 5 minimum wage. This work has as a proposal the equalisation of the gaps left by earlier research about Social Housing, when contemplating – besides the environmental/ constructive/ political variables commonly studied – the design/ type of the units targeting flexibility, being all of them developed simultaneously.

The work methodology was based in: (i) research about social housing in the city of Uberlândia: main typologies and mapping of the geographic situation of the undertakings;(ii) research of POE [1] in study case linked in the city; (iii) research of project and conceptual references about typologies, besides the general survey (cost and dimensioning of materials and technics used in housing units of low cost); (iv) Project process based on the premise identified in the items described previously; (v) construction of housing unit; and (vi) verification of housing unit.

The research also aims to insert in the graduation academic environment (architecture and urbanism) the discussion about technological innovation, the project process and its components, as well as the relevance of the post-occupancy evaluation as the project refeeding in the search for spaces of quality. The results of this work seek to contribute to the actual discussion about the production of social housing units of quality at an opportune moment, as the Federal Government, with the intuit of decreasing the Brazilian housing deficit, has disposed of the programme MINHA CASA, MINHA VIDA [2]. In this manner, the objective is the prediction of results availability to society and public politics managers, through the disclosure of the solutions proposed.

[1] The POE proposed sought the application of various methods, qualitative and quantitative, to collect different data types, allowing to counterbalance the diversions/ tendencies. The evaluation was centered in functional, behavioural, technic-constructive and environmental (comfort) aspects of the users in different levels: (i) External Spaces (conjunct’s implantation), (ii) lot analysis and (iii) private spaces of the house (unit). The conjunct of methods and technics applied were: Walkthrough, Research of Family Profiles, Questionaries, Focal Group, Use Analysis and Technic Analysis [2]. Present in march of 2009, the programme Minha Casa, Minha Vida, of the Federal Government, has as a goal the construction of one million residences to families with maximum income of 10 minimum wages. Besides the housing deficit, the plan sought to combat the effects of the economic downturn produced by the world crisis.

[Staff]
Profª Drª Simone Barbosa Villa – FAUeD – Coordinator
Profª Ms. Albenise Laverde – FAUeD – Advisor
Profª Drª Patrícia Pimenta Azevedo Ribeiro – FAUeD – Advisor
Profª Ms. Themis Lima Fernandes Martins – FAUeD – Advisor
Profª Ms.Rita de Cássia Pereira Saramago – FAUeD – Advisor
Profª Ms. Juliano Cecílio Oliveira – Advisor
[Students]
Aline Cristine Shiaku – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Diego Silveira Dias – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Diogo Alexandre Nunes Silva – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Fabrício Garcez Caetano – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Giovanna Augusto Merli – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Laíta Alves Silva – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Lara Freire Borges – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Lucianne Casasanta Garcia– Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Luiz Gustavo O. de Carvalho – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Mariana Mundim Melo – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Nathália Barros Abate Rotelli – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Paula Barcelos Vasconcellos – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Ricardo Souza Silva – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Tamires Nunes de Alcântara Nicolau – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU
Thiago – Undergraduate FAUeD/UFU